在人多地少的东亚国家，农业生产长期以分散的小农经营为基础，土地细碎化程度较高，经营规模极为狭小。为缩小农业与非农行业之间的收入差距，20世纪60年代，日本提出了扩大农业经营规模的目标，迄今已进行了半个多世纪的艰难探索。综合来看，可以将日本实现农业规模经营的途径归纳为土地改良、土地流转和农业社会化服务等三个方面。就总体进程而言，日本的土地规模经营进展比较缓慢，服务规模经营难以长久维系。展望未来，日本仍需努力实现土地规模经营与服务规模经营齐头并进。
In East Asian countries with too many farmers and too little land，agriculture has long been based on scattered small farm management. The degree of land fragmentation is relatively high，and the scale of agricultural operation is extremely narrow. In order to narrow the income gap between agriculture and non-agricultural industries，Japan put forward the goal of expanding its agricultural operation scale in the 1960s，and has gone through over half a century’s arduous exploration since then. Overall，Japan’s approach to realize agricultural scale management can be summarized into three aspects：land improvement，land transfer and socialized agricultural service. From the view of overall process，Japan’s land scale operation is progressing at a slow pace，while its service scale operation is difficult to maintain in the long haul. Looking ahead，Japan still needs to ensure that its land scale operation is advancing in unison with its service scale management.
| Keywords： | Land FragmentationLand TransferAgricultural Scale ManagementSocialized Agricultural Service |
