自20世纪50年代日本大力发展工业以来，大量年轻劳动力从农村向城市转移，加之人均寿命增长和“团块世代”人群步入老年，社会因素与自然因素导致日本农村人口老龄化问题非常严重。人口老龄化对日本农业发展造成了非常大的负面影响，不仅影响到了日本农业的发展和食物保障，而且连农村社区自身的存在都受到了威胁。日本政府为了解决农村人口老龄化问题，尝试了非常多的办法，从人、土地、城市等方面制定并修正了一系列政策。日本农村社会出现的人口问题以及日本政府解决问题的过程都对中国农村发展有着重要启示和宝贵的借鉴意义。
Since the 1950s，when Japan vigorously developed industrial production，a large number of young labor force shifted from rural to urban areas，and with the increase of average life expectancy and the “baby boom generation” entering the old age，social and natural factors have led to a serious aging problem in rural Japan. It not only affects the development of Japanese agriculture and food security，but also threatens the existence of rural communities. In order to solve the problems，the Japanese government has tried many ways to formulate and revise a series of policies from the aspects of population，farmland and cities. The rural population problems and the process of the Japanese government to solve the problems have important enlightenment and valuable reference significance for the rural development of China.
