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2022年中国交通运输业公共数据开放报告

文章摘要

报告从准备度、数据层、利用层三个维度对我国交通运输领域公共数据开放的现状和水平进行了研究和评价。从整体上看,我国已有11个省级和83个城市政府数据开放平台开放了交通运输领域数据,交通运输部门开放的数据集总数为8985个,开放的数据容量达到2.78亿,居各行业领域之首。报告发现,全国范围内开放交通运输领域数据数量较多的省域主要集中在东部地区以及西部的部分地区。在准备度方面,北京市、台州市等7个城市制定了专门针对交通运输领域数据开放的法规政策。在数据数量和质量等方面,开放的数据集总量与容量都存在显著的地区间差距,开放的交通运输类数据仍以静态数据为主,同时存在碎片化、低容量、更新不及时、标准不一致等问题。在数据利用方面,交通运输领域的开放数据利用尚处于起步阶段,利用促进活动类型仍较为单一,有效成果数量较少。报告还借鉴了美国、巴黎、伦敦等国外交运数据开放的案例。报告建议各地完善交通运输领域数据开放的法律法规;持续开放更多、更高质量的交通运输领域数据集,扩大数据开放范围;鼓励和引导交通运输领域开放数据的利用,构建价值共创生态。

Abstract

This report studies and evaluates the status and level of open public data in China’s transportation field from three dimensions:Readiness,Data,and Use. On the whole,11 provincial and 83 city open government data platforms in China have opened data in the field of transportation. The total number of datasets opened by the transportation sector is 8,985,and the open data capacity has reached 278 million,which is the top of all fields. The provinces that have opened up a large amount of data in the field of transportation nationwide are mainly concentrated in the eastern region and some parts of the western region. In terms of readiness,seven cities including Beijing and Taizhou have formulated regulations and policies specifically for open data in the field of transportation. In terms of data quantity and quality,there are significant regional disparities in the total amount and capacity of open datasets in various regions. The open transportation data is still dominated by static data,and there are also problems such as fragmentation,low capacity,untimely update and inconsistent standards,etc. In terms of use,the use of open data in the field of transportation is still in its infancy,the types of use promotion activities are still relatively simple,and the number of effective data applications is small. This report also draws on the cases of foreign open transportation data in the United States,Paris,London and other countries. The report recommends that localities improve laws and regulations on open data in the field of transportation;continue to open more and higher-quality datasets in the field of transportation to expand the scope of data openness;encourage and guide the use of open data in the field of high-traffic transportation,and build value co-creation ecology.

作者简介
吕文增:吕文增,复旦大学数字与移动治理实验室研究员,管理学硕士,研究方向为政府数据开放、数字治理。
张忻璐:张忻璐,复旦大学数字与移动治理实验室副主任,管理学硕士,研究方向为政府数据开放。
郑磊:郑磊,复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院教授,博士生导师,数字与移动治理实验室主任,研究方向为数字治理、政府数据开放、治理数字化转型等。