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发达经济体跨境电商“邮包”规则对中国的启示

文章摘要

新冠肺炎疫情导致全球跨境电子商务快速发展,跨境电子商务零售进入黄金增长期。为增加财政收入和规范电商秩序,发达经济体先后启动跨境电商征税办法和便利化通关措施。面对更加复杂的国际环境,中国应努力保持跨境电子商务零售跻身国际前沿的优势。在此背景下,本报告基于中国跨境电商“邮包”规则演进,选择秉持“自由主义”的美国和加拿大与坚持“保护主义”的欧盟和英国进行对比分析,以总结欧美发达经济体的先进措施。结合近两年区域贸易协定的跨境电商“邮包”相关条款,中国应继续发挥珠三角地区的小商品制造优势,强化低值商品品牌意识;继续优化海关的通关和征税系统,提高通关效率;进一步开放国内市场,在RCEP等贸易协定修订版中,给予缔约方更多的低值商品免关税和境内税优惠政策。

Abstract

The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to the growth of global cross-border e-commerce by 2-10 times higher than the historical rate,and cross-border e-commerce retailing (B2C) has entered a golden period of growth. In order to increase fiscal revenue and regular the e-commerce,developed economics have launched the related rules about taxation and customs clearance facilitation,and China’s cross-border e-commerce retailing is faced with a more complex international environment. To keep the advantage of China’s cross-border e-commerce retailing in international market,on the basis of collecting the evolution of China’s cross-border e-commerce “postal parcel” rules,this report selects the United States and Canada which are representative of “Liberalism”,and the European Union and the United Kingdom which are representative of “Protectionism” for comparative analysis. By summarizing the advanced rules taken by developed countries in Europe and American and combining the provisions of the regional trade agreements on cross-border e-commerce “postal parcel”,this report suggest that China should keep the manufacturing advantage of low-value goods in the Pearl River Delta region and strengthen the brand awareness;improve the efficiency of customs clearance in the RCEP and other trade agreements,to give more low-value goods to the contracting party’s duty-free and domestic tax preferential policies for keeping open the domestic market.

作者简介
冯然:冯然,教授,广东数字经济与贸易研究院研究员,研究方向为跨境电子商务、网络治理。
苏慧中:苏慧中,广东外语外贸大学电子商务专业在读本科生。