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广东汽车业对外贸易发展态势分析

文章摘要

在疫情与中美贸易摩擦叠加影响的背景下,本报告以广东汽车业为分析对象,将广东汽车进出口、广东新能源汽车进出口与全国汽车对外贸易情况加以对应比较,将广东燃油车进出口与新能源汽车进出口加以对应比较,基于广东汽车业进出口近9年的数据以及新能源汽车进出口近5年的数据,详细分析了广东整车、零配件、新能源汽车与燃油车进出口的贸易形态与发展趋势,揭示了广东汽车进出口贸易的特点。一是以内销为主,以外销为辅;二是以零配件出口为主,以整车出口为辅;三是以燃油车为主,以新能源汽车为辅;四是整车进口平均单价高于出口平均单价,进出口平均单价差额呈上升趋势;五是进出口规模与产销地位不对等,产销量连续多年居全国第一,而进出口量(额)全国占比很低。总体来看,广东汽车出口竞争优势不强。最后,针对性地提出了增强广东汽车出口竞争优势的相关建议。

Abstract

Under the background of the epidemic and the China-Us trade conflict,this report takes the automobile industry in Guangdong Province as the analytic object,compares Guangdong auto mobile import and export,Guangdong new energy vehicles import and export with that in China,and compares the import and export of fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles in Guangdong. Based on the import and export data of Guangdong auto mobile industry in the past 9 years and the import and export data of new energy vehicles in the past 5 years,this report analyzes in detail the trade patterns and development trends of Guangdong’s import and export of whole vehicles,spare parts,new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles,and reveals the characteristics of Guangdong’s auto mobile import and export trade. (1)Mainly for domestic sales,supplemented by foreign sales;(2)Mainly focuses on spare parts export,supplemented by complete vehicle export;(3)Based on fuel vehicles and supplemented by new energy vehicles;(4)The average unit price of vehicle imports was higher than that of exports,and the difference of the average unit price of import and export showed an upward trend;(5)The scale of import and export doesn’t match the status of production and sales,with production and sales ranking first in China for several consecutive years,while import and export volume (amount) accounts for a very low proportion in the country. In an overall view,the competitive advantage of Guangdong automobile export is not strong. Finally,some specific suggestions are put forward to enhance the competitive advantage of Guangdong automobile export.

作者简介
夏京文:夏京文,博士,暨南大学经济学院副教授,研究方向为利用外资与对外投资、产业集群与全球产业链。
李焕丽:李焕丽,暨南大学经济学院硕士研究生。