In the past two years，demonstrations broke out and governments changed in many countries in West Asia and North Africa，which has shown that the development of governance capacity and related political and economic reforms have not achieved the expected results since the “Arab Spring”. The COVID-19 epidemic and the plunge of energy price have sharply increased the pressure undertaken by the regional countries，and the social stability has been further weakened. At the same time，affected by multiple factors such as geopolitics and major powers’ games，regional countries are facing objective challenges in adjusting their foreign policies. West Asia and North Africa is one of the fulcrum regions for promoting Belt & Road Initiative，and the political stability is the basis of the smooth progress of pragmatic cooperation between China and regional countries. The changes of the political environment in West Asia and North Africa bring both opportunities and challenges to China’s relations with regional countries. China needs to draw on advantages and avoid disadvantages，actively broaden the areas of bilateral cooperation，which may provide more options for the BRI construction in the next stage.