Chinese banks have set up branches in Africa for a long time，and their asset scale and income in Africa have achieved good development. However，compared with the vast scale of trade and investment between Africa and China，the coverage of Chinese banks in the African market is still very insufficient. At present，African countries generally allow foreign capital to enter the local financial service industry. However，Chinese banks face great challenges in investing in Africa. These challenges include the competitive advantage of Pan African banks，higher regulatory requirements，higher operating costs and non-performing loan ratio. These challenges require Chinese banks to accurately estimate costs and benefits and measure risk tolerance when investing in Africa，including making full use of the competitive advantages of Chinese banks，strictly complying with regulatory requirements，localized operation and promoting the application of financial technology，as well as establishing reasonable policies for loan issuance and recovery.