In recent years，the climate issue has become a severe challenge faced by all countries in the world. At the 26th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change（COP26），which concluded in November 2021，various countries have reached a number of cooperation initiatives on topics such as accelerating decarbonization，realizing energy transition，and clarifying the pathways to carbon neutrality. In the context of carbon neutrality，it is of great significance for countries to rely on their own advantages to carry out energy cooperation. In the fields of promoting the utilization of renewable energies，optimizing the energy structure，and promoting sustainable development，China and Italy are highly aligned in their goals and interests，and they have a good foundation for further deepening energy cooperation. In the future，China and Italy will have broad prospects for energy cooperation relying on their respective energy transition strategies and the advantages accumulated by their own institutions and enterprises.