As an ancient civilization and cultural power，Italy owns a large amount of historical and cultural heritage. The Italian government has always played an important role in the protection of cultural heritage. The revision of the Constitution and the introduction of relevant laws and regulations are the strong guarantee and important basis for Italy’s continuous improvement of cultural heritage protection. The establishment of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities marks a major change in the cultural heritage protection in Italy and also provides more possibilities for the development of it. Regional governments have obtained corresponding administrative power and autonomy in accordance with the Constitution，and the special status of Italian cultural heritage also ensures the decentralization of central power. As an administrative organization below the region，the province can effectively communicate and coordinate the relationship between the regions，cities and towns. However，due to historical reasons，the administrative organization at the provincial level has not played its due role. Cities and towns are important units for the preservation of cultural heritage. In recent years，the power granted to this level of government by the Constitution and laws has been gradually expanded，making their functions more and more complete.