An effective response to online public opinion in the Internet environment is an important issue to prevent and resolve social conflicts. Based on the perspective of system dynamics，this paper constructs a system dynamics model of government online public opinion response from the event subsystem，media subsystem，netizen subsystem，and government subsystem. Then，the key causal loops were identified and analyzed from the aspects of government online public opinion monitoring ability，government response ability，government guidance ability，and government communication ability. Finally，this paper proposes to improve the government’s response to online public opinion focusing on four important relationships，namely the relationship between risk and opportunity，the relationship between emergency response and normal governance，the relationship between traditional media and online media，and the relationship between opinion leaders and ordinary netizens.