The paper reviews the industry-related policies issued by the European Union in the last three years，and analyzes their influences on the industrial chain layout and further on China’s industrial development. The research shows that the green transformation and digital transformation are the main line of the EU’s policies，and the new policies have shifted from pursuing competitiveness and growth to pursuing growth，security and leadership. The EU’s industrial advantages are concentrated in the fields of chemical industry，transportation equipment，agricultural products，etc. From the perspective of 13 supply chain ecosystems，there are seven leading ecosystems，such as aerospace and national defense，while four ecosystems，such as digital and electronic，are at a disadvantage. The EU policy plays a strong role in strengthening the advantage industries and complementing the weak ones，and its impact on China’s industrial development is manifested in high energy consumption industries such as textiles and steel in the short term，and in office telecommunications equipment in the long term.