The basic characters of American industrial policy is innovative，forward-looking，indirect and systematic. After years of development，the industrial policy of American has shown an trend of increasing anti-globalization after 2008，manufacturing back-flow，reconstruct the advantage industry，and emphasizing the integrated development of digital technology and industry. Moreover，the impact of the American industrial policies on the distribution of the global industrial chain mainly has three aspects. Firstly，it will cause global trade friction and the trend of de-globalization of industrial chain. And reconstruct the laylout of global value chain，the trend of division of labor is becoming prominent. Besides，the new round of scientific and technological revolution has accelerated and catalysed the upgrading of the global industrial chain. Furthermore，its impact on China’s industrial development including three aspects. Due to the international trade frictions and manufacturing competition between countries，the external environment for the development of China’s manufacturing industry is deteriorating. And The United States promotes the return of manufacturing industry to their own country，it affects the transformation and upgrading process of China’s manufacturing industry. What’s more，the United States implements technology repression，it is more difficult for China to climb to the high-end part of the value chain.