Consisting of four parts，this paper mainly studies the put-forward，current advancement of The Belt and Road Initiative，and its international political and economic backgrounds and prospects as well as the important role played by overseas Chinese in this initiative. It argues that this initiative was adapted to the global and regional economic development situation after the 2008 Financial Crisis and the Asia Pacific and Global Geopolitical changes caused by the “Pivot to Asia”，“Asia-Pacific rebalancing” Strategy of the United States. The further development of The Belt and Road Initiative will help to promote regional economic integration in Eurasia as well as the economic development，political stability，social prosperity and civilization renaissance of the countries along the Belt and Road. Simultaneously it will contribute to the transfer of the world economic，financial and monetary trade rule-making power from Developed countries to Developing countries and the according changes of the world economic and political orders. It is undeniable that overseas Chinese，as the important participants and constructors along the history of the Belt and Road who had witnessed their historical development，will definitely continue to play a positive role in this process.