Traffic connection and cooperation，being an important part and a substantive basis of “the Belt and Road” initiative，bear great significance and important contributions by providing indispensable conditions for China and other countries along “the Belt and Road” to conduct large-scale production capacity collaboration，push national economic development and boost mutually beneficial cooperation between China and foreign countries.

Firstly，this paper clarifies the great significance and functions of the traffic cooperation for “the Belt and Road” construction；secondly，combs the current situation and progress of the highway，railway and sea lanes construction in countries along “the Belt and Road”. Combined with current international economic situation，the analysis derives a series of serious restraints on the traffic connection and cooperative development，including weakness in infrastructure，lack of political mutual trust，difficult in coordinated sharing of benefits，political turbulence and rare fund sources. Finally，for the purpose of consolidating the construction of traffic infrastructure and promoting a highly effective implementation of “the Belt and Road” initiative，four measures are suggested to deal with the current situation such as to increase political mutual trust，to set up cooperative planning，to strengthen evaluation of projects and to adopt various financing measures.