国别和区域研究的持续深入要求更多地以所关注国的视角来看待问题，本文以塔吉克斯坦的国家构建和社会发展为基础，通过大国关系与地缘政治影响、区域国际交往与边界安全、国内外反对派活动、宗教极端主义与恐怖主义、社会权益分配与认同危机五个不同的维度，对塔吉克斯坦国家安全问题进行综合、全面地剖析，认为塔吉克斯坦的国家构建并未完成，国家安全存在着自身的脆弱性和不确定性，各种影响安全的因素仍然会在社会发展的过程中长期产生作用和影响。中国作为友好邻邦，需要更清楚地认识塔吉克斯坦国家安全问题的特征和走势，从而能够更好地予以应对。
The continuous and in-depth study of regional and country studies requires examining issues more from the perspective of the countries concerned. This article takes Tajikistan’s state construction and social development as the foundation to present a comprehensive analysis of Tajikistan’s national security issues in five dimensions：relations between major powers and geopolitics，regional international contacts and border security，opposition activities at home and abroad，religious extremism and terrorism，and distribution of social rights and identity crisis. It is argued that state construction is yet to be completed in Tajikistan. Its security has its own vulnerability and uncertainty，and various factors that affect security will still have a long-term effect and impact on its process of social development. As a friendly neighbor，China needs to have a clearer understanding of the characteristics and trends of Tajikistan’s national security issues so as to make better responses.
