The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 exacerbated the risks faced by Latin America and the Caribbean （LAC） countries，which have been already in the economic downturn. LAC countries have experienced the worst economic recession in 120 years. Although the inflation rate has declined due to insufficient domestic demand，the unemployment rate，poverty rate and extreme poverty rate have risen significantly，and social tensions have increased. At the same time，social inequality also exacerbated the impact of the pandemic. High public debt，increased currency volatility and the accumulation of social risks add to economic uncertainty. Although LAC countries have implemented measures to combat the pandemic，the room for manoeuvre of fiscal and monetary policies have been constrained. Looking ahead to the post-COVID-19 era，for LAC countries，risk prevention and stable growth are the top priorities in the short-term；In the medium term，structural reforms and regional economic integration should be adopted to reduce economic vulnerability；In the long term，new development models should be implemented to promote coordinated economic and social development.