In 2020，Japan accelerates the technical research of the central bank digital currency （CBDC） and formulate the relevant institutional framework. It plans to conduct a concept verification in 2021. The background of the Japanese government and central bank’s promotion of digital currency research and development is the Libra concept launched by the US Facebook company；the second is the rapid development of global central bank digital currencies，especially the digital renminbi；and the third is that digitization has become a new driving force for Japan’s economic growth. The Bank of Japan’s digital currency faces data utilization and privacy protection issues，the impact on the financial system，and the digital divide in the context of aging. Looking forward to the future，the Bank of Japan will not issue CBDC in the short term，but will continue to promote the construction of related systems，and jointly promote institutional research on CBDC with Europe and the United States，leading the formulation of digital currency rules.