环境污染治理具有公益性和外部性，传统治理模式在治理效果、效率、资金投入等方面，都存在一定的局限性。然而，以第三方治理模式取代传统治理模式，将会提高环境污染治理的效率和效果，同时培育环境污染第三方治理市场。由于具有先天的资金实力、技术优势以及国家和地方的政策支持，上海在推进环境污染第三方治理模式方面如鱼得水。但是，受到第三方治理互信、互惠、开放性等实现条件缺失的制约，上海环境污染第三方治理模式的推行在治理结构和治理机制方面存在诸多亟待解决的难题。鉴于此，上海应推动以第三方治理模式为核心的环保服务业发展。第一，要从第三方治理模式的利益相关主体入手，厘清治理结构中的责任关系，开展各部门之间的合作治理；第二，通过提高环保标准、排污处罚标准，以及减轻中小型第三方治污企业的税负压力，增强第三方治理模式中参与主体的动力；第三，创新第三方治理模式的投融资机制与资本合作模式，并搭建地方性融资平台；第四，第三方治污企业要具有自我创新机制，以不断提高其治污水平和市场竞争力；第五，严格第三方治污企业市场准入门槛，同时理顺治理服务的价格机制，避免第三方治理市场出现恶性竞争现象，并营造公平竞争的第三方治理市场环境；第六，要建立第三方治污模式的监督机制，形成全社会监督排污行为的行业自律体系，促使排污责任主体提高其污染治理水平，并增强其社会诚信度。
Environmental pollution governance has the public welfare and externality，there are some constraints in the traditional mode of governance on treatment effect，efficiency，capital and other aspects. However，to replace the traditional mode with the third-party governance mode will raise the efficiency and effect of environmental pollution governance，meanwhile will promote the development of environmental pollution third-party governance market. There are inherent advantages of capital，and national and local policy support in promoting the third-party governance mode of environmental pollution in Shanghai. However，with realizing conditions of the third-party governance those are mutual trust，reciprocity，openness losing，there are also many urgent problems in governance structure and governance mechanism of environmental pollution third-party governance mode in Shanghai. In view of this，combined with the actual situation of Shanghai，it is argued that if the development of environment pollution third-party governance service be promoted，from the start of the stakeholders in the third-party governance，the relationships between governance responsibility in the governance structure should be clarified and various departments should cooperate firstly. Secondly，by improving the environmental standards and emission standards of punishment，and by reducing tax burden of small third-party enterprises，the players participating power of third-party governance mode should be enhanced. Thirdly，the investment and financing mechanisms of third-party governance mode should be innovated，and then a diversified and local financing platform can be set up. Fourthly，third-party pollution governance enterprises should possess self innovation mechanism to improve their governing level and market competitiveness constantly. Fifthly，access threshold of third-party governance enterprises should be strict，and the price mechanism of the third-party governance service mode should be rationalized to avoid vicious market competition and a fair competition market environment of the third-party governance will be created. Finally，it is suggested to perfect supervising mechanisms of the third-party governance mode should be built and the self-regulation system of pollution governance enterprises in the whole society will be formed so as to force pollution responsible subjects improve their pollution treatment level and strengthen the integrity of society.
