联邦德国新社会运动是随着20世纪60年代后该国向后工业社会的迈进而逐渐产生和发展起来的。在后工业社会转型的进程中，“纺锤形”社会的形成，让原本在工业社会中十分突出的劳资矛盾趋于平缓，从而为新的社会价值理念和思潮引发大规模新社会运动创造了条件。与此同时，新中间阶层的壮大又为新社会运动提供了重要的阶级基础。而在经济和社会结构变迁中日渐流行的后物质主义价值观，以及与该价值观密切相关且广为传播的生态主义和战后新女性主义，则构成了这场运动兴起和发展的思想基础。
The New Social Movements emerged and developed gradually as the Federal Republic of Germany moved towards a post-industrial society after the 1960s.In the process of post-industrial transformation，the formation of a “Spindle-shaped” society has smoothed out the contradictions between labor and capital that were originally prominent in industrial societies，thereby creating conditions for new social values and thoughts to trigger large-scale new social movements.At the same time，the growth of the new middle class provided an important class foundation for the new social movements.The popular post-materialist value in economic and social structural changes，as well as the closely related and widely spread ecologicalism and post-war neo-feminism，constitute the ideological basis for the rise and development of these movements.
| Keywords： | Federal Republic of GermanyNew Social Movements“Spindle-shaped” SocietyThe New Middle Class |
