2019年，古巴新宪法颁布实施，依宪法选举产生国家主席、总理、全国人大、部长会议组成的新领导层。在美国对古政策趋紧、委内瑞拉形势恶化等不利因素影响下，古巴经济增长减速明显。实现进口替代、扩大出口、吸引外资将是古巴实现经济可持续发展的关键。古巴政府重视民生投入，但物资短缺和收入水平仍构成社会不稳定因素，人口老龄化问题凸显。古巴与美国的关系趋向紧张；与传统友国的关系稳固深化，与欧盟和日本等西方国家的关系平稳推进。
In 2019，the new Constitution was passed through referendum and came into force. The new leading structure composed of the President，the Prime Minister，the National People’s Assembly and the Council of Ministers was elected according to the new Constitution. Due to the increasingly rigid policy of the United States，the deteriorating situation in Venezuela and other factors，the economic growth slowed down markedly. The importation substitution，the exportation expansion and the foreign investment attraction will be the key factors for sustainable development. The Cuban government pays attention to investments to satisfy the people’s needs，but the shortage of commodity and low income level still affect social stability，and the problem of population aging remains preoccupant. The relation with the United States tends to be tense，the relation with the traditional friend countries maintains well and deepens，and the relation with the EU and Japan advances steadily.
