In 2019，under the background of economic downturn，the social situation in Latin America showed three characteristics. First，social indicators further deteriorated，and social development faced the risk of retrogression. Increasing poverty is one of the major challenges that Latin American countries are facing. There is a strong uncertainty about the sustainability of poverty reduction in some countries. The employment was still difficult to be improved. Unemployment，underemployment and informal employment increased. In the case of increasing financial pressure，most of Latin American countries had insufficient social spending. Second，social conflicts intensified and social protests broke out in many countries. There are many reasons for social instability and prominent social contradictions in Latin America，such as the stagnation of economic development，the change of social stratum structure，the lack of governance capacity and the untimely response to people’s livelihood demands. Third，the problem of migration is getting more and more serious and has become a regional issue. No matter the Northern Triangle region of Central America or Venezuela，domestic factors are the most important reasons for large-scale migration. The biggest obstacle facing Central American immigrants is the tightening of US immigration policy. However，the influx of Venezuelan immigrants makes the existing problems in the surrounding countries，such as the insufficient of public facilities，the shortage of medical and educational resources，the difficulty of employment，the shortage of housing，and the deterioration of public security，even more prominent. Many countries have shown the rise of xenophobia.