Accompanied with the progress of Chinese environmental legislation and regulatory reform,the significance of the governmental environmental responsibility becomes more and more noticeable Among the various,the fundamental problem is the failure of the government's environmental responsibility and accountability based on the analysis that the good environmental quality and sound environmental services is one of the basic rights of the public,and the features and trends of interests conflicts due to environmental problems in current China,this paper emphasize that preserving and improving the environmental assets and eco-services is the basic environmental responsibility for Government. By examining the historical changes of environmental regulation,management and environmental governance,this paper further addresses that the government should improve the good governance,which combine the administrative management,command and control approach,market based instruments,and civil society involvement. It should give specific emphasis for China is that: to return/endow the basic environmental rights and interests to its citizen,information disclosure,transparency of administration,as well as the careful selection of the public policies balancing the efficiency and equity.