Despite much economic growth has been achieved,we have increasingly realized that the basic living conditions in Chinese cities can only be metaphorically compared to the five non-trivias: one breath of air,one drink of water,one bowl of rice,one step of the way,and one bag of trash. Indeed,these five essentials have become the unbearable heaviness of the urban living in China. Mainstream policy makers like to believe urbanization speed-up in China is rightfully on the major triumphant advance from east region to western provinces. Such intention is evidently ambitious in the 12th Five-year Strategic Plan of the Western Development; but increasingly environmental crisis are making urban living difficult. The environmental costs of the urbanization should be taken seriously as wake-up calls to revisit and re-evaluate our strategy and mentality towards China's urbanization. More importantly,China is walking on a fine line between conservation and ecological security and resource exploitation in the western China. The challenge is of course,how to define and reach consensus on the fine line.