Mining is a key investment area of China’s ‘going out’ strategy. However，overseas investment in mining is increasingly confronted with environmental and social risks，which not only makes Chinese companies suffer from economic and reputation losses，but also make it difficult for China to implement the ‘going out’ strategy. Through analyzing the problems from projects Chinese investment in Peru，Laos and other places，this paper points the reasons and gives suggestions on how to achieve “win-win” development.