当下中国社会已经处于风险状态中，近年来，以江门民众反对鹤山核燃料项目为代表的“低风险、高愤怒”议题越来越呈现频发态势。本文以“风险的社会放大”框架为出发点，以山东民众反对荣成石岛湾核电站和乳山红石顶核电站事件为案例，探讨在中国语境下，何种机制会导致环境风险的社会放大。我们发现，风险主要经由信息传播和社会响应这两个阶段得到放大。在信息传播阶段，媒体、专家和意见领袖的风险信息建构引发的信息流属性的改变会对风险信息的放大产生一定的影响。而在风险信息的社会响应阶段，是否存在污名化，以及民众对信息传播者是否信任，都决定了这一阶段风险是否被放大。本研究是一种将西方风险放大理论与中国当下语境相结合的理论尝试。
Contemporary China has stepped into a risk society.In recent years，environmental issues such as the nuclear fuel project in Heshan，Guangdong Province has triggered a series of collective actions.Yet some of these issues can be characterized as “low-hazard，high outrage”.Taking the theoretical framework of “social amplification of risk”，this paper explores the mechanisms in the process of social amplification of environmental risks in China.Based on the case studies of Shandong people’s opposing Shidaowan Nuclear Power Plant and Rushan Nuclear Power Plant，we have come to a conclusion that environmental risks are amplified during the process of information communication and society response.In the process of information communication，the public debate and the way in which information is constructed by the media，experts and opinion leaders will determine whether risk information is amplified.In the process of social response，whether people attach a stigmating label to a certain issue and whether people interpret information in a confrontational way will also affect the amplification of risk.This study is a theoretical attempt to introduce western theory of “social amplification of risk” into the context of contemporary Chinese society.
