This article analyzes the running situations of energy industry in 2010，and discusses the hot topics on coal industry，oil industry，electric power industry，and so on. Finally，combining with the Twelfth Five-Year Plan，which proposes specific requirements on constructing a safe，stable，economic，clean and modern energy industrial system，this article elaborates the definition and characteristics of modern energy industrial system. Based on it，we offer some policy suggestions for China’s energy industry on how to build a modern energy industrial system.