澳门回归以来,经济迅速发展,就业居民收入水平显著提高,行业、职业、年龄与教育结构乃至社会阶层结构发生了显著变化。近几年来,澳门就业居民的就业、收入和社会结构的特点主要表现在:就业居民的收入水平持续提高,存在较大职业与行业收入差距,并且该差距有进一步扩大趋势;就业状况以稳为主,略有变化,从年龄、教育、行业和职业四个维度考察,主要变化在于年龄略显老化,教育水平提升;社会结构接近较为理想的“橄榄型”,但是社会中层比例偏低。如果未来澳门经济总体上以稳定发展为趋势,居民就业、收入和社会结构状况将会缓慢变化,产业结构的升级可能导致社会中层的较大变动。
Since Reunification,Macau’s economy has developed rapidly,the income of employed residents has increased remarkably,and the industry,occupation,age,education and social structures have undergone significant changes. In recent years,the characteristics of employment,income and social structure of employed residents are mainly reflected in the following aspects:income continues to increase;large occupational and industrial income gaps exist and expand further;employment situation is stable with slight changes. In terms of age,education,industry and occupation,the main changes are that the employed residents are slightly aging and their education level is improved. The social structure is close to the ideal “olive shape”,but with a low proportion of the middle class. If the Macau economy continued to develop steadily in the future,the employment,income and social structure of the residents will change slowly,and the upgrading of the industrial structure may lead to large changes in the middle class.
Keywords: | MacauSocial StructureIncome of Residents |