Since the inception of reform and opening-up 40 years ago，Anhui has undergone enormous changes in demographic development，with further progress and improvements in demographic control，which has provided strong guarantee for its economic and social development. During the 40-year period，Anhui has exercised effective demographic control，with general population on inertia increase；population quality keeps improving with rapid development in education level；urbanization process maintains a steady momentum with the number of cities and towns on continued rise；demographic mobility becomes increasingly frequent exhibiting new characteristics；and the aging of population has accelerated with significant changes in age structure. In the future，Anhui，guided by strategies such as Talents for a Strong Province and Healthy Anhui，will steadily promote the implementation of Two-Child for All policy，and comprehensively create a new phase that features 5 major modern developments for a beautiful Anhui.