Affected by the accelerated melting of the Arctic Ocean，the application prospects of the Arctic route are more optimistic，which means that the formation of a new maritime channel connecting Asia with Europe and North America will change the existing shipping pattern and global economic and trade pattern to a certain extent，and brand new geopolitical and economic prospects. Based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods，the impact of the Arctic route on the world economy and geopolitics is discussed from the perspective of the Arctic route application prospects. The results show that：①Compared with traditional routes，the Arctic route has shortened 2554n mile and 1998n mile respectively，and the sailing time has been shortened by 1.6-6.6 days. The countries or regions along the Arctic route have closer economic ties. ②With Shipping distance and time are shortened，the cost of voyages on the Arctic route is reduced by 27.8% and 5.3% compared with the traditional route；fuel consumption and the emission of polluted gases such as CO₂，So_x，No_x，etc. are reduced. ③The freight demand of the Arctic route is increasing year by year and the trend is soaring later. It is expected that by 2024 and 2030，the freight volume will reach 105 million tons and 370 million tons；The northeast route is mainly liquid bulk cargo，the dry bulk cargo growth is slow，and the northwest route is mainly liquid bulk cargo and dry bulk. ④The Arctic route will promote the continuous movement of international industry，technology and routes to the regions along the route，push the global geopolitical and economic center of gravity to the north，and change the existing geopolitical and economic pattern.