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2019年艰难推进中的“法国版”欧元区改革

文章摘要

欧洲一体化进入经济货币联盟阶段已走过了20年,在取得丰硕成果的同时,欧元区也经历了2008年的金融危机和随之而来的主权债务危机的考验。欧盟层面的制度设计缺陷加上成员国趋异的经济模式使欧元区国家在遇到外来冲击时缺乏有效的应对机制。针对这一问题,欧盟在危机之后推动了多项朝着财政联邦化和金融稳定方向发展的改革措施,马克龙就任法国总统后推出的“法国版”改革方案更是为欧元区的未来展现了宏伟的蓝图。长期来看,这些措施将从根本上解决欧元区的统一货币政策和分散的财政政策之间的矛盾,也有助于一体化建设的推进。但改革的节奏和成效还要取决于“法德轴心”在关键问题上的共识,也取决于欧盟机构能否重新挽回公民对一体化渐渐失去的信心。

Abstract

The Economic and Monetary Union was established more than 20 years ago. While achieving remarkable success,it has also experienced the test of the 2008 financial crisis and sovereign debt crisis after 2008. Due to the inherent institutional defects in the initial of European construction project and the divergent economic models of member states,the euro zone countries lack an effective mechanism to deal with external shocks. In order to correct these systemic defects,the European Union commits itself to reforms oriented towards federalization and stability,especially via the ambitious “French version” blueprint launched by President Macron,which could function as final solution to address the imperfection of the euro. But the success of this plan largely depends on the consensus of the French-German duo and the trust of European citizens.

作者简介
洪晖:洪晖,北京外国语大学法语语言与文化学院讲师,经济学博士,主要研究领域为法国经济、欧洲经济。