中美贸易摩擦的核心议题之一是知识产权保护。本报告搜集和梳理了分别发生于1991年、1994年、1996年、2007年以及2017年，五次与贸易有关的中美知识产权争端的背景资料、贸易数据以及谈判过程与结果资料，研究发现：首先，中美贸易的结构化差异是形成中美贸易逆差的关键，美国禁止向中国出口高科技产品是其主要原因之一；其次，美国以贸易逆差的名义保持高科技产品的竞争优势，中美知识产权争端解决方案谈判轮回次数不断增多，显示出中国高科技发展的追赶态势；再次，历次解决与贸易有关的中美知识产权争端的谈判结果都是中美双方的一种现实选择，更是中国知识产权保护制度建设不断完善的过程；最后，预期中美知识产权争端有长期化趋势，中国知识产权保护制度在建设完善进程中与国际接轨。
The core of Sino-US trade friction is the protection of intellectual property rights. This report collects and sorts out background information，trade data，and negotiation process and results of five trade-related Sino-US intellectual property disputes that occurred in 1991，1994，1996，2007，and 2017，and get conclusions as follows. First，the difference in the structure of Sino-US trade is the key to forming a Sino-U.S. trade deficit. One of the main reasons is that the United States prohibits the export of high-tech products to China. Second，the number of intellectual property dispute settlement negotiation rounds has been increasing，showing the trend of catching up with China’s high-tech development. Third，the results of previous negotiations on the settlement of trade-related Sino-US intellectual property disputes are a realistic choice between China and the United States. More impotently，it is a process of continuous improvement of China’s intellectual property system. Finally，it is expected that there will be a long-term trend in Sino-US intellectual property disputes，and China’s intellectual property protection system is in line with international standards in the process of construction and improvement.
