博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区作为我国第一家以国际医疗旅游服务、低碳生态社区和国际组织聚集为主要内容的国家级开发园区，自2013年设立以来，在“关于支持博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区的九项政策”的支持下进行了重要的前期发展探索。2018年以前，除了国务院2013年出台“关于支持博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区的九项政策”以外，国家层面没有进一步的相关政策文件跟进，因而推进进度相对较慢。但2018年4月以来，在国家层面的大力支持下，博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区的政策推进力度明显加快，形成了从国家部委层面的制度顶层设计，到省级层面的规定，再到出台基层操作细则的制度创新路径，使博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区的各项制度创新措施具备了政策落地的基础。这种“自上而下”的政策贯行体系，体现了海南自贸试验区在医疗服务领域制度创新的有效性。从下一步发展来看，博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区需要深化现有的制度创新，尤其是在进口税收政策、进口药品的监管制度、法律法规体系方面进一步完善，形成产业规模效应和集聚效应；同时，对于干细胞研究等高风险领域，应借鉴国际先进经验，探索形成针对干细胞研究的风险分类监管制度。本报告还介绍了迪拜医疗城（DHCC）的成功经验，包括成立高度行政自主权的单一监管机构，出台提供高效的行政服务以及发布实施体系化的医疗健康服务活动的监督法律法规等。
The Bo’ao Lecheng International Medical and Tourism Pioneer Zone is the first national development park in China with international medical tourism services，low-carbon ecological communities and international organizations clustering as its main orientations. Since its establishment in 2013，it has carried out significant preliminary explorations under the guidance of the Nine Policies on Supporting the Bo’ao Lecheng International Medical and Tourism Pioneer Zone. Before 2018，except the Nine Policies on Supporting the Bo’ao Lecheng International Medical and Tourism Pioneer Zone，which was published in 2013，there were no further relevant national governmental documents，so the process of construction was relatively slow. However，since April 2018，with strong support from the central government，policy advancement in the pioneer zone has obviously accelerated. A pattern for system innovation took shape，including top-level designs from the national ministries and commissions，provincial regulations and local operational rules，enabling various institutional innovations to give the Bo’ao Lecheng International Medical and Tourism Pioneer Zone the basis for policy implementation. This kind of “top-down” policy system reflects the effectiveness of the institutional innovations made by the medical service sector in the Hainan Pilot Free Trade Zone. In terms of future development，the Bo’ao Lecheng International Medical and Tourism Pioneer Zone needs to deepen its existing institutional innovations，especially its import taxation policies，import drug regulatory systems，and relevant laws and regulations，so as to obtain the benefits of industrial scale and agglomeration effects. At the same time，advanced international experience should be introduced to high-risk areas such as stem cell research so that we can formulate risk classification and supervision systems for stem cell research. This research report also introduces the successful experience of the Dubai Healthcare City （DHCC），including the establishment of a single regulatory agency with a high degree of administrative autonomy，the introduction of regulations on providing efficient administrative services and publication and implementation of systematic medical and health activities.
| Keywords： | Medical ServiceBo’ao Lecheng International Medical and Tourism Pioneer ZoneDubai Healthcare City |
